Hazardous processes — First Schedule (29 industries)

Under s.2(cb) of the Factories Act 1948, a "hazardous process" is any process or activity in relation to an industry specified in the First Schedule where, unless special care is taken, the raw materials used or the intermediate or finished products, by-products, wastes or effluents would (i) cause material impairment to the health of persons engaged in or connected with it, or (ii) result in pollution of the general environment. The First Schedule [See section 2(cb)] is the statutory "List of Industries involving hazardous processes" and contains 29 numbered entries; the full verbatim list (with all sub-items) is reproduced below, each annotated with its principal hazards/agents, main health effects, key engineering controls and the PPE typically required. Note: the hazard/health/control/PPE annotations are standard occupational-hygiene practice for each industry and are NOT part of the statutory text itself — only the entry names and their sub-items are from the First Schedule. The Schedule may be amended/expanded by the State Government under s.2(cb) read with s.41A.

The 29 listed industries

First Schedule, the Factories Act, 1948 [See section 2(cb)] — "List of Industries involving hazardous processes" (29 entries). Section 2(cb) defines "hazardous process". Verbatim list confirmed against the official Factory Inspectorate (Government of Puducherry, Labour Department) publication of the Factories Act, 1948 (py.gov.in/sites/default/files/labourfactory.pdf) and cross-checked with the bare-act text at AdvocateKhoj (advocatekhoj.com/library/bareacts/factories/schedule1.php). The Schedule may be amended/added to by the State Government under section 2(cb) read with section 41A.

Reference information for occupational-health professionals — not medical advice, and not a substitute for examination by a qualified physician.

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