Chemical Industries — including: Coke-oven by-products and coal-tar distillation products; Industrial gases (nitrogen, oxygen, acetylene, argon, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, sulphur dioxide, nitrous oxide, halogenated hydrocarbon, ozone, etc.); Industrial carbon; Alkalies and acids; Chromates and dichromates; Lead and its compounds; Electrochemicals (metallic sodium, potassium and magnesium, chlorates, perchlorates and peroxides); Electro-thermal products (artificial abrasive, calcium carbide); Nitrogenous compounds (cyanides, cyanamides and other nitrogenous compounds); Phosphorus and its compounds; Halogens and halogenated compounds (chlorine, fluorine, bromine and iodine); Explosives (including industrial explosives, detonators and fuses)

Industries / examples: Heavy and fine chemical plants, chlor-alkali, industrial-gas plants, chromate/lead-chemical works, electrochemical and electro-thermal units, calcium-carbide plants, phosphorus and explosives manufacture.

Principal hazards & agents

Toxic/corrosive gases (chlorine, ammonia, SO2, ozone, HF)
Hexavalent chromium and lead compounds
Cyanides; phosphorus (white phosphorus); halogens
Reactive metals (Na/K/Mg) and oxidisers (chlorates/peroxides)
Explosives (blast/detonation); flammable industrial gases (acetylene, hydrogen)

Health effects

Acute gas poisoning and pulmonary oedema, chrome/lead/cyanide systemic toxicity and cancer, 'phossy jaw' and burns (phosphorus), fluorosis, blast and burn injuries, asphyxiation, severe chemical burns.

Engineering controls

Fully closed and automated process with continuous toxic-gas detection and emergency isolation/scrubbing; chlor-alkali and electrolysis enclosure; inert handling of reactive metals; segregation and minimum-quantity storage of oxidisers/explosives with blast protection; on-site emergency plan under s.41A-41H.

PPE

Air-fed / supplied-air respirators and escape SCBA
Full encapsulating chemical suits and gloves
Face shields/goggles
Personal multi-gas monitors
FR anti-static clothing
Specialist PPE for explosives/reactive-metal handling

Statutory vs annotation: only the entry name and its sub-items are First-Schedule text. The hazard, health-effect, control and PPE notes are occupational-hygiene context, not statutory text. First Schedule, the Factories Act, 1948 [See section 2(cb)] — "List of Industries involving hazardous processes" (29 entries). Section 2(cb) defines "hazardous process". Verbatim list confirmed against the official Factory Inspectorate (Government of Puducherry, Labour Department) publication of the Factories Act, 1948 (py.gov.in/sites/default/files/labourfactory.pdf) and cross-checked with the bare-act text at AdvocateKhoj (advocatekhoj.com/library/bareacts/factories/schedule1.php). The Schedule may be amended/added to by the State Government under section 2(cb) read with section 41A.

Reference information for occupational-health professionals — not medical advice, and not a substitute for examination by a qualified physician.

Other hazardous processes

All 29 hazardous processes — First Schedule

MedFactory — Occupational Health Centre software for Indian factories