Foundries (Ferrous and Non-ferrous) — Castings and forgings including cleaning or smoothening/roughening by sand and shot blasting

Industries / examples: Iron/steel and non-ferrous foundries, forging shops, fettling and shot-blasting bays.

Principal hazards & agents

Health effects

Silicosis and progressive massive fibrosis, metal-fume fever, hand-arm vibration syndrome, noise-induced hearing loss, burns, occupational asthma from binders.

Engineering controls

Enclosed/automated shot-blast cabinets and LEV at knock-out, fettling and grinding; substitute silica sand where possible; wet suppression; mechanised pouring; vibration-damped tools; respirable-dust monitoring.

PPE

Statutory vs annotation: only the entry name and its sub-items are First-Schedule text. The hazard, health-effect, control and PPE notes are occupational-hygiene context, not statutory text. First Schedule, the Factories Act, 1948 [See section 2(cb)] — "List of Industries involving hazardous processes" (29 entries). Section 2(cb) defines "hazardous process". Verbatim list confirmed against the official Factory Inspectorate (Government of Puducherry, Labour Department) publication of the Factories Act, 1948 (py.gov.in/sites/default/files/labourfactory.pdf) and cross-checked with the bare-act text at AdvocateKhoj (advocatekhoj.com/library/bareacts/factories/schedule1.php). The Schedule may be amended/added to by the State Government under section 2(cb) read with section 41A.

Reference information for occupational-health professionals — not medical advice, and not a substitute for examination by a qualified physician.

Other hazardous processes

All 29 hazardous processes — First Schedule

MedFactory — Occupational Health Centre software for Indian factories