Hazardous process
Cement Industries (Portland cement, including slag cement, puzzolona cement and their products)
A hazardous process listed in the First Schedule to the Factories Act 1948 (s.2(cb)).
Typical industries: Cement kilns/clinker grinding plants, asbestos-cement and concrete-product works.
Principal hazards
- Respirable cement and silica dust
- Alkalinity (wet cement - hexavalent chromium)
- Kiln heat and radiant heat
- Noise; CO/SO2/NOx from kilns
Health effects
Pneumoconiosis/silicosis, irritant and allergic (chromate) contact dermatitis and cement burns, chronic bronchitis, heat stress, hearing loss.
Key engineering controls
Bag filters/ESPs and LEV at crushing, grinding, packing; enclosed conveyors; addition of ferrous sulphate to reduce Cr(VI); kiln insulation; noise enclosures; respirable-dust monitoring.
PPE
- FFP3 dust respirators
- Alkali-resistant gloves and impervious clothing
- Goggles
- Hearing protection
- Safety boots
- Barrier creams
Statutory vs annotation: only the industry name is First-Schedule statutory text. The hazards, health effects, controls and PPE are standard occupational-hygiene practice, not statutory text.
This page is a statutory / occupational-health reference for factory Occupational Health Centres. It is not medical or legal advice. Verify against the current bare Act, Rules and your State amendments before acting.
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