Cement Industries (Portland cement, including slag cement, puzzolona cement and their products)

Industries / examples: Cement kilns/clinker grinding plants, asbestos-cement and concrete-product works.

Principal hazards & agents

Respirable cement and silica dust
Alkalinity (wet cement - hexavalent chromium)
Kiln heat and radiant heat
Noise; CO/SO2/NOx from kilns

Health effects

Pneumoconiosis/silicosis, irritant and allergic (chromate) contact dermatitis and cement burns, chronic bronchitis, heat stress, hearing loss.

Engineering controls

Bag filters/ESPs and LEV at crushing, grinding, packing; enclosed conveyors; addition of ferrous sulphate to reduce Cr(VI); kiln insulation; noise enclosures; respirable-dust monitoring.

PPE

FFP3 dust respirators
Alkali-resistant gloves and impervious clothing
Goggles
Hearing protection
Safety boots
Barrier creams

Statutory vs annotation: only the entry name and its sub-items are First-Schedule text. The hazard, health-effect, control and PPE notes are occupational-hygiene context, not statutory text. First Schedule, the Factories Act, 1948 [See section 2(cb)] — "List of Industries involving hazardous processes" (29 entries). Section 2(cb) defines "hazardous process". Verbatim list confirmed against the official Factory Inspectorate (Government of Puducherry, Labour Department) publication of the Factories Act, 1948 (py.gov.in/sites/default/files/labourfactory.pdf) and cross-checked with the bare-act text at AdvocateKhoj (advocatekhoj.com/library/bareacts/factories/schedule1.php). The Schedule may be amended/added to by the State Government under section 2(cb) read with section 41A.

Reference information for occupational-health professionals — not medical advice, and not a substitute for examination by a qualified physician.

Other hazardous processes

All 29 hazardous processes — First Schedule

MedFactory — Occupational Health Centre software for Indian factories