Rubber (Synthetic) Industries

Industries / examples: Synthetic rubber manufacture and rubber-goods/tyre compounding and curing.

Principal hazards & agents

1,3-butadiene and styrene monomers
Curing fumes (nitrosamines), carbon black dust
Vulcanisation accelerators (thiurams, carbamates - sensitisers)
Heat and solvents

Health effects

Leukaemia/lymphohaematopoietic cancer (butadiene), bladder cancer (historic aromatic amines), allergic contact dermatitis and asthma, narcosis.

Engineering controls

Closed monomer handling with leak detection; LEV over mixing, milling and curing; substitution of hazardous accelerators/antioxidants; carbon-black dust capture; exposure monitoring.

PPE

Organic-vapour respirators / air-fed for monomers
Nitrile gloves
Coveralls
Goggles
Hearing protection
Safety footwear

Statutory vs annotation: only the entry name and its sub-items are First-Schedule text. The hazard, health-effect, control and PPE notes are occupational-hygiene context, not statutory text. First Schedule, the Factories Act, 1948 [See section 2(cb)] — "List of Industries involving hazardous processes" (29 entries). Section 2(cb) defines "hazardous process". Verbatim list confirmed against the official Factory Inspectorate (Government of Puducherry, Labour Department) publication of the Factories Act, 1948 (py.gov.in/sites/default/files/labourfactory.pdf) and cross-checked with the bare-act text at AdvocateKhoj (advocatekhoj.com/library/bareacts/factories/schedule1.php). The Schedule may be amended/added to by the State Government under section 2(cb) read with section 41A.

Reference information for occupational-health professionals — not medical advice, and not a substitute for examination by a qualified physician.

Other hazardous processes

All 29 hazardous processes — First Schedule

MedFactory — Occupational Health Centre software for Indian factories