Man-made Fibre (Cellulosic and non-cellulosic) Industry

Industries / examples: Viscose rayon (cellulosic), nylon/polyester/acrylic (non-cellulosic) fibre plants.

Principal hazards & agents

Carbon disulphide and hydrogen sulphide (viscose process)
Solvents (e.g. DMF), caprolactam, acrylonitrile (non-cellulosic)
Acids/alkalis; heat; fibre/fine dust

Health effects

CS2 neuro/cardiovascular toxicity and psychiatric effects, H2S poisoning, solvent toxicity, reproductive effects, dermatitis, respiratory irritation.

Engineering controls

Closed spinning lines with CS2/H2S detection and LEV; solvent-vapour control and recovery; biological monitoring for CS2; enclosure of acid/spin baths; ventilation of fibre dust.

PPE

CS2/H2S and organic-vapour (air-fed) respirators
Chemical gloves and protective clothing
Goggles/face shields
Personal gas monitors
Safety boots

Statutory vs annotation: only the entry name and its sub-items are First-Schedule text. The hazard, health-effect, control and PPE notes are occupational-hygiene context, not statutory text. First Schedule, the Factories Act, 1948 [See section 2(cb)] — "List of Industries involving hazardous processes" (29 entries). Section 2(cb) defines "hazardous process". Verbatim list confirmed against the official Factory Inspectorate (Government of Puducherry, Labour Department) publication of the Factories Act, 1948 (py.gov.in/sites/default/files/labourfactory.pdf) and cross-checked with the bare-act text at AdvocateKhoj (advocatekhoj.com/library/bareacts/factories/schedule1.php). The Schedule may be amended/added to by the State Government under section 2(cb) read with section 41A.

Reference information for occupational-health professionals — not medical advice, and not a substitute for examination by a qualified physician.

Other hazardous processes

All 29 hazardous processes — First Schedule

MedFactory — Occupational Health Centre software for Indian factories