Extraction of oils and fats from vegetable and animal sources

Industries / examples: Solvent-extraction (hexane) oil mills and rendering/fat-processing plants.

Principal hazards & agents

n-Hexane solvent (flammable, neurotoxic)
Fire and explosion (solvent vapour)
Heat/steam; dust; biological agents (animal sources)

Health effects

Hexane peripheral neuropathy, narcosis, flash-fire/explosion burns, scalds, dermatitis, infection risk (rendering).

Engineering controls

Closed solvent-extraction systems with vapour/LEL detection and inerting; solvent recovery and ventilation; hot-work permits and intrinsically safe equipment; biological/hygiene controls for animal material; exposure monitoring.

PPE

Organic-vapour respirators
Anti-static FR clothing and gloves
Goggles
Personal LEL/solvent monitors
Safety boots

Statutory vs annotation: only the entry name and its sub-items are First-Schedule text. The hazard, health-effect, control and PPE notes are occupational-hygiene context, not statutory text. First Schedule, the Factories Act, 1948 [See section 2(cb)] — "List of Industries involving hazardous processes" (29 entries). Section 2(cb) defines "hazardous process". Verbatim list confirmed against the official Factory Inspectorate (Government of Puducherry, Labour Department) publication of the Factories Act, 1948 (py.gov.in/sites/default/files/labourfactory.pdf) and cross-checked with the bare-act text at AdvocateKhoj (advocatekhoj.com/library/bareacts/factories/schedule1.php). The Schedule may be amended/added to by the State Government under section 2(cb) read with section 41A.

Reference information for occupational-health professionals — not medical advice, and not a substitute for examination by a qualified physician.

Other hazardous processes

All 29 hazardous processes — First Schedule

MedFactory — Occupational Health Centre software for Indian factories